El concepto de nicho en las metacomunidades

Autores/as

  • Mathew A. Leibold Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
  • Pamela Geddes Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Palabras clave:

teoría neutral, competencia por recursos, redes tróficas, ensamblaje de comunidades, invasibilidad, dispersión

Resumen

La ciencia de la ecología estudia las interacciones de los sistemas biológicos con el medio ambiente. El concepto de nicho ecológico es la base central de este estudio ya que describe cómo organismos en diferentes niveles de organización interactúan con su medio ambiente a distintas escalas espacio-temporales. Se ha creado cierta confusión acerca de este concepto porque han existido diferentes definiciones y diferentes perspectivas sobre la forma de encararlo. En este artículo, hacemos una revisión de perspectivas previas, proponemos un concepto sintético del nicho y consideramos cómo las relaciones de nicho influyen en las interacciones entre las especies dentro del marco de las metacomunidades. Asimismo, contrastamos algunos de los puntos de vista resultantes con estudios previos enfocados en comunidades locales y discutimos la posible relevancia del mecanismo de deriva a nivel de especies – mecanismo análogo a la deriva génica – sobre patrones observados cuando la diferenciación de nichos entre especies es escasa o inexistente.

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Publicado

2005-12-01

Cómo citar

Leibold, M. A., & Geddes, P. (2005). El concepto de nicho en las metacomunidades. Ecología Austral, 15(2), 117–129. Recuperado a partir de https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1460

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Sección

Sección Especial