Reconsiderando el nicho hutchinsoniano
Palabras clave:
competencia, dispersión, interacciones interespecíficas, mutualismo, nicho fundamental, nicho realizadoResumen
El nicho es un concepto central en ecología. Sin embargo, ha sido difícil contar con una definición clara y general. Una definición históricamente importante e influyente hasta nuestros días es la propuesta por G. E. Hutchinson. A pesar de su importancia, esta definición también presenta varias limitaciones, particularmente en su conexión con la idea de la competencia interespecífica. Esta conexión entre nicho y competencia ha permanecido hasta nuestros días, dificultando la evolución de un concepto de nicho más general y menos ambiguo. En este artículo propongo algunas modificaciones al concepto original de Hutchinson que creo pueden ayudar a mitigar algunas de sus limitaciones.
Citas
AGRAWAL, AA. 2000. Overcompensation of plants in response to herbivory and the by-product benefits of mutualism. Trends in Plant Science 5:309-313.
ARIM, M & PA MARQUET. 2004. Intraguild predation: a widespread interaction related to species biology. Ecology Letters 7:557-564.
AUSTIN, MP. 1999. A silent clash of paradigms: some inconsistencies in community ecology. Oikos 86:170-178.
BERRYMAN, AA. 2003. On principles, laws and theory in population ecology. Oikos 103:695-701.
BOUCHER, DH. 1985. The biology of mutualism: ecology and evolution. Oxford University Press. BRONSTEIN, JL. 1994. Our current understanding of mutualism. Quarterly Review of Biology 69:31-51.
BRUNO, JF; JJ STACHOWICZ & MD BERTNESS. 2003. Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18:119-125.
CHASE, JM & MA LEIBOLD. 2003. Ecological niches: linking classical and contemporary approaches. University of Chicago Press.
COLWELL, RK. 1992. The niche: environmental or population attribute? Pp. 241-248 en: E Fox-Keller & EA Lloyd (eds.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
ELTON, C. 1927. Animal ecology. Sidgwick & Jackson. London.
FEINSINGER, P. 1987. Effects of plant species on each other’s pollination: is community structure influenced? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2:123-126.
GRIESEMER, JR. 1992. Niche: historical perspectives. Pp. 231-240 en: E Fox-Keller & EA Lloyd (eds.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Harvard University Press.
GRINNELL, J. 1917. The niche-relationship of the California Thrasher. Auk 34:427-433.
GRINNELL, J. 1924. Geography and evolution. Ecology 5:225-229.
HASTINGS, A. 1996. Population biology: concepts and models. Springer. New York.
HIXON, MA; SW PACALA & SA SANDIN. 2002. Population regulation: historical context and contemporary challenges of open vs. closed systems. Ecology 83:1490-1508.
HOLT, RD & GA POLIS. 1997. A theoretical framework for intraguild predation. American Naturalist 149:745-764.
HUTCHINSON, GE. 1957. Concluding remarks. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 22:415-427.
JACKSON, ST & JT OVERPECK. 2000. Responses of plant populations and communities to environmental changes of the late Quaternary. Paleobiology 26:194-220.
LAKATOS, I. 1970. Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programmes. Pp. 91-196 en: I Lakatos & A Musgrave (eds.). Criticism and the growth of knowledge. Cambridge University Press. LEIBOLD, MA. 1995. The niche concept revisited: mechanistic models and community context. Ecology 76:1371-1382.
LEIBOLD, MA & P GEDDES. 2005. El concepto de nicho en las metacomunidades. Ecología Austral 15:117- 129.
LEIBOLD, MA; M HOLYOAK; N MOUQUET; P AMARASEKARE; JM CHASE ET AL. 2004. The meta-community concept: a framework for multi-scale community ecology. Ecology Letters 7:601-613.
LEVINE, JM. 1999. Indirect facilitation: evidence and predictions from a riparian community. Ecology 80:1762-1769.
MACARTHUR, R. 1968. The theory of the niche. Pp 159-176 en: RC Lewontin (ed.). Population biology and evolution. Syracuse University Press. Syracuse, New York.
MACARTHUR, R & R LEVINS. 1967. The limiting similarity, convergence, and divergence of coexisting species. American Naturalist 101:377- 385.
MAGUIRE, B JR. 1973. Niche response structure and the analytical potentials of its relationship to the habitat. American Naturalist 107:213-246.
MAY, RM & R MACARTHUR. 1972. Niche overlap as a function of environmental variability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 69:1109-1113.
MILESI, FA & J LOPEZ DE CASENAVE. 2005. El concepto de nicho en Ecología aplicada: del nicho al hecho hay mucho trecho. Ecología Austral 15:131-148.
MOELLER, DA. 2004. Facilitative interactions among plants via shared pollinators. Ecology 85:3289-3301.
ODLING-SMEE, FJ; KN LALAND & MW FELDMAN. 1996. Niche construction. American Naturalist 147:641- 648.
ODLING-SMEE, FJ; KN LALAND & MW FELDMAN. 2003. Niche construction: the neglected process in evolution. Princeton University Press. Princeton, NJ.
POLIS, GA & RD HOLT. 1992. Intraguild predation: the dynamics of complex trophic interactions. Trends In Ecology & Evolution 7:151-154.
POLIS, GA; CA MYERS & RD HOLT. 1989. The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: potential competitors that eat each other. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 20:297-330.
PULLIAM, HR. 2000. On the relationship between niche and distribution. Ecology Letters 3:349-361.
RATHCKE, B. 1983. Competition and facilitiation among plants for pollination. Pp. 305-329 en: L Real (ed.). Pollination biology. Academic Press, London.
SCHOENER, TW. 1989. The ecological niche. Pp. 79- 113 en: JM Cherrett (ed.). Ecological concepts: the contribution of ecology to an understanding of the natural world. Blackwell. Oxford, UK.
THOMPSON, JN & BM CUNNINGHAM. 2002. Geographic structure and dynamics of coevolutionary selection. Nature 417:735-738.
VANDERMEER, JH. 1972. Niche theory. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 3:107-132.
WHITTAKER, RH; SA LEVIN & RB ROOT. 1973. Niche, habitat, and ecotope. American Naturalist 107:321- 338.
ARIM, M & PA MARQUET. 2004. Intraguild predation: a widespread interaction related to species biology. Ecology Letters 7:557-564.
AUSTIN, MP. 1999. A silent clash of paradigms: some inconsistencies in community ecology. Oikos 86:170-178.
BERRYMAN, AA. 2003. On principles, laws and theory in population ecology. Oikos 103:695-701.
BOUCHER, DH. 1985. The biology of mutualism: ecology and evolution. Oxford University Press. BRONSTEIN, JL. 1994. Our current understanding of mutualism. Quarterly Review of Biology 69:31-51.
BRUNO, JF; JJ STACHOWICZ & MD BERTNESS. 2003. Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18:119-125.
CHASE, JM & MA LEIBOLD. 2003. Ecological niches: linking classical and contemporary approaches. University of Chicago Press.
COLWELL, RK. 1992. The niche: environmental or population attribute? Pp. 241-248 en: E Fox-Keller & EA Lloyd (eds.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
ELTON, C. 1927. Animal ecology. Sidgwick & Jackson. London.
FEINSINGER, P. 1987. Effects of plant species on each other’s pollination: is community structure influenced? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2:123-126.
GRIESEMER, JR. 1992. Niche: historical perspectives. Pp. 231-240 en: E Fox-Keller & EA Lloyd (eds.). Keywords in evolutionary biology. Harvard University Press.
GRINNELL, J. 1917. The niche-relationship of the California Thrasher. Auk 34:427-433.
GRINNELL, J. 1924. Geography and evolution. Ecology 5:225-229.
HASTINGS, A. 1996. Population biology: concepts and models. Springer. New York.
HIXON, MA; SW PACALA & SA SANDIN. 2002. Population regulation: historical context and contemporary challenges of open vs. closed systems. Ecology 83:1490-1508.
HOLT, RD & GA POLIS. 1997. A theoretical framework for intraguild predation. American Naturalist 149:745-764.
HUTCHINSON, GE. 1957. Concluding remarks. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 22:415-427.
JACKSON, ST & JT OVERPECK. 2000. Responses of plant populations and communities to environmental changes of the late Quaternary. Paleobiology 26:194-220.
LAKATOS, I. 1970. Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programmes. Pp. 91-196 en: I Lakatos & A Musgrave (eds.). Criticism and the growth of knowledge. Cambridge University Press. LEIBOLD, MA. 1995. The niche concept revisited: mechanistic models and community context. Ecology 76:1371-1382.
LEIBOLD, MA & P GEDDES. 2005. El concepto de nicho en las metacomunidades. Ecología Austral 15:117- 129.
LEIBOLD, MA; M HOLYOAK; N MOUQUET; P AMARASEKARE; JM CHASE ET AL. 2004. The meta-community concept: a framework for multi-scale community ecology. Ecology Letters 7:601-613.
LEVINE, JM. 1999. Indirect facilitation: evidence and predictions from a riparian community. Ecology 80:1762-1769.
MACARTHUR, R. 1968. The theory of the niche. Pp 159-176 en: RC Lewontin (ed.). Population biology and evolution. Syracuse University Press. Syracuse, New York.
MACARTHUR, R & R LEVINS. 1967. The limiting similarity, convergence, and divergence of coexisting species. American Naturalist 101:377- 385.
MAGUIRE, B JR. 1973. Niche response structure and the analytical potentials of its relationship to the habitat. American Naturalist 107:213-246.
MAY, RM & R MACARTHUR. 1972. Niche overlap as a function of environmental variability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 69:1109-1113.
MILESI, FA & J LOPEZ DE CASENAVE. 2005. El concepto de nicho en Ecología aplicada: del nicho al hecho hay mucho trecho. Ecología Austral 15:131-148.
MOELLER, DA. 2004. Facilitative interactions among plants via shared pollinators. Ecology 85:3289-3301.
ODLING-SMEE, FJ; KN LALAND & MW FELDMAN. 1996. Niche construction. American Naturalist 147:641- 648.
ODLING-SMEE, FJ; KN LALAND & MW FELDMAN. 2003. Niche construction: the neglected process in evolution. Princeton University Press. Princeton, NJ.
POLIS, GA & RD HOLT. 1992. Intraguild predation: the dynamics of complex trophic interactions. Trends In Ecology & Evolution 7:151-154.
POLIS, GA; CA MYERS & RD HOLT. 1989. The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: potential competitors that eat each other. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 20:297-330.
PULLIAM, HR. 2000. On the relationship between niche and distribution. Ecology Letters 3:349-361.
RATHCKE, B. 1983. Competition and facilitiation among plants for pollination. Pp. 305-329 en: L Real (ed.). Pollination biology. Academic Press, London.
SCHOENER, TW. 1989. The ecological niche. Pp. 79- 113 en: JM Cherrett (ed.). Ecological concepts: the contribution of ecology to an understanding of the natural world. Blackwell. Oxford, UK.
THOMPSON, JN & BM CUNNINGHAM. 2002. Geographic structure and dynamics of coevolutionary selection. Nature 417:735-738.
VANDERMEER, JH. 1972. Niche theory. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 3:107-132.
WHITTAKER, RH; SA LEVIN & RB ROOT. 1973. Niche, habitat, and ecotope. American Naturalist 107:321- 338.
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2005-12-01
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Vázquez, D. P. (2005). Reconsiderando el nicho hutchinsoniano. Ecología Austral, 15(2), 149–158. Recuperado a partir de https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1462
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