Patrones de actividad y superposición temporal entre carnívoros nativos y exóticos en remanentes sureños de bosque seco tumbesino en Perú

Alejandro Pereda Sánchez; Carlos Calvo Mac; Walter E. Flores Miranda; Micaela De la Puente-León; Irina G. Cerna-Chihuala

doi:10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.1985

Autores/as

Alejandro Pereda Sánchez Dry Forest Conservation Programme (Drycop) - ONG ConservAcción. Lima, Perú
Carlos Calvo-Mac Dry Forest Conservation Programme (Drycop) - ONG ConservAcción. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6066-7646
Walter E. Flores Miranda Dry Forest Conservation Programme (Drycop) - ONG ConservAcción. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-4424
Micaela De la Puente-León Dry Forest Conservation Programme (Drycop) - ONG ConservAcción. Lima, Perú. Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH). Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-5442
Irina G. Cerna - Chihuala Dry Forest Conservation Programme (Drycop) - ONG ConservAcción. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2285-5996

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.1985

Palabras clave:

coexistencia, co-ocurrencia, mesocarnívoros, carnívoros domésticos

Resumen

El bosque seco tumbesino (BST) es un ecosistema amenazado ubicado en el noroeste de Perú. Los últimos remanentes al sur de su distribución se ubican en la región de La Libertad. Al igual que en otros ecosistemas, la presencia del perro y el gato doméstico pueden generar un impacto negativo en los carnívoros silvestres nativos. Sin embargo, esta problemática está muy poco estudiada en Perú. En el siguiente trabajo, mediante fototrampeo evaluamos los patrones de actividad y la superposición temporal entre carnívoros domésticos y silvestres dentro de un remanente de BST ubicado en San José - Pacasmayo (La Libertad). Durante el período agosto de 2020 - febrero de 2021 obtuvimos un total de 452 eventos independientes de carnívoros, con un esfuerzo de muestreo de 1380 trampas-noche. Nuestros resultados revelaron que el gato doméstico (Felis silvestris catus), el perro doméstico (Canis lupus familiaris) y el zorro de Sechura (Lycalopex sechurae) presentaron una actividad catameral, mientras que el gato de pajonal (Leopardus garleppi) y el añás (Conepatus semistriatus), una actividad mayormente nocturna. El gato de pajonal y el gato doméstico obtuvieron un índice de superposición alto; el zorro de Sechura y ambos carnívoros domésticos presentaron un índice de superposición moderado, y el añás y el gato doméstico obtuvieron un índice de superposición moderado; por su parte, el añás y el perro doméstico obtuvieron un índice de superposición bajo. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el gato de pajonal, el añás y el zorro de Sechura son susceptibles a interactuar con carnívoros domésticos.

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