La restauración socioecológica: Potencialidades del uso del enfoque de los sistemas socioecológicos y el marco analítico de sistemas de innovación social
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.3.0.2113Palabras clave:
gestión de ecosistemas, resiliencia socioecológica, restauración ecológica, integración socioecológicaResumen
Este artículo enfatiza la importancia de combinar enfoques socioecológicos e innovación social para enriquecer el concepto emergente de la restauración socioecológica (RSE). Una revisión integradora de literatura permitió identificar elementos clave de los marcos de sistemas socioecológicos (SSE) e innovación social (SIS) para enriquecer la comprensión y la aplicación de la RSE. Aunque se reconoce a la RSE como un enfoque complejo para abordar desafíos ecológicos y sociales contemporáneos, nuestra revisión evidencia que la mayoría de los enfoques tradicionales de restauración ecológica (RE) todavía se centran en aspectos técnicos y ecológicos, pasando por alto la participación de actores sociales y la integración sociocultural. Nuestro análisis de la literatura demuestra que la perspectiva socioecológica en la RSE, a través de los SSE, puede enriquecerla identificando componentes esenciales desde las dimensiones social y ecológica. Incorporar tempranamente estas consideraciones socioecológicas evita la fragmentación y permite identificar sinergias y desafíos entre comunidades y ecosistemas. Similarmente, integrar el marco de sistemas de innovación social (SIS) impulsa el cambio y facilita adoptar innovaciones sociales en diversas escalas de los sistemas socioecológicos (SES), fortaleciendo las redes socioecológicas y aclarando las limitaciones políticas e institucionales, las necesidades de los actores sociales y la integración de diversos sistemas de conocimiento. Este proceso dinámico de participación social reduce las asimetrías de poder y refuerza la resiliencia de los SSE. La redefinición emergente de la RSE que presentamos fusiona los marcos de SSE y SIS, avanzando hacia una mejor comprensión de la RSE al considerar las interacciones entre sistemas naturales y humanos. Nuestros resultados subrayaron la necesidad de establecer nuevos marcos analíticos que profundicen la comprensión integrada de SSE y SIS en la planificación de la RSE, enriqueciendo así la teoría y la práctica de la RE al ampliar el concepto hacia marcos integradores emergentes.
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