Efectos de la remoción de castoreras de Castor canadensis sobre la diversidad, la abundancia, la dieta y la densidad energética de peces en Tierra del Fuego
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.24.34.2.0.2358Palabras clave:
salmónidos, Castor canadensis, especies exóticas, diversidad íctica, Patagonia, Tierra del FuegoResumen
Desde el siglo pasado, los ecosistemas acuáticos de Tierra del Fuego se encuentran bajo el impacto de la introducción de especies exóticas. Entre ellas se destacan el castor norteamericano —Castor canadensis— y los salmónidos por su dispersión y abundancia. Este estudio se enmarca en el proyecto Fortalecimiento de la Gobernanza para la Protección de la Biodiversidad Mediante la Formulación e Implementación de la Estrategia Nacional Sobre Especies Exóticas Invasoras, para la erradicación de C. canadensis de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (IGTdF). El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de remover castoreras sobre diferentes aspectos de la ictiofauna de la IGTdF. Se realizaron muestreos ictiológicos antes y después de la remoción de las castoreras en seis sitios distribuidos a lo largo de la isla. Se capturaron tres especies de salmónidos (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss y Salvelinus fontinalis) y se observó un aumento promedio de 43% en su abundancia, cambios en su dieta y diferencias en su densidad energética (mayor o menor dependiendo de la especie) luego de remover las castoreras. No se registraron especies nativas de peces ni antes ni después de la remoción. Los resultados sugieren que las castoreras tienen un impacto positivo en las poblaciones de salmónidos.
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