Efecto de los efluentes cloacales sobre el ensamble macrobentónico submareal en un estuario urbano de la Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.20.30.1.0.954Resumen
Se analizó el efecto de los efluentes cloacales sin tratamiento sobre el ensamble macrobentónico submareal del estuario de Bahía Blanca. Se examinaron las variaciones espaciales en los descriptores biológicos en relación con los parámetros ambientales y la distribución de metales en los sedimentos de un canal afectado por efluentes urbanos. A lo largo del canal se registraron valores de concentración de metales mayores a los de la zona interna del estuario (sitio de referencia). Los valores más altos de turbidez del agua se registraron en el sitio próximo a la zona de descarga del efluente y en la zona media del canal, donde, además, se depositaron sedimentos de un dragado de la zona portuaria e industrial realizado dos años antes que este estudio. La densidad del ensamble disminuyó hacia la zona cercana a la descarga del efluente, mientras que la riqueza y la diversidad alcanzaron valores mínimos tanto en la zona de descarga como la zona media. Sólo dos especies de poliquetos se asociaron con estas áreas: Laeonereis acuta y Aphelochaeta sp.; el primero se encontró en la zona de descarga de efluentes, donde Cd y Pb fueron los metales más abundantes, y el segundo fue la especie dominante en el sitio caracterizado por la presencia de material de dragado y altas concentraciones de Cr y Ni. Este estudio proporciona datos de base con los cuales contrastar futuras medidas de manejo.
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.20.30.1.0.954
Citas
APHA. 1998. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed. Method 4500-Cl. American Public Health Association and American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation, Washington, D.C., USA.
Arias, A. H., A. Vázquez-Botello, N. Tombesi, G. Ponce-Velez, H. Freije, and J. Marcovecchio. 2010. Presence, distribution, and origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments from Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 160(1):301-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0696-5.
Baldini, M. D., M. A. Cubitto, M. N. Chiarello, and C. B. Cabezali. 1999. Water quality for aquaculture development in Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. Bacteriological studies. Revista Argentina de Microbiología 31:19-24.
Baraud, F., L. Leleyter, M. Lemoine, and H. Hamdoun. 2017. Cr in dredged marine sediments: anthropogenic enrichment, bioavailability and potential adverse effects. Marine Pollution Bulletin 120:303-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.05.039.
Barbier, E., S. D. Hacker, C. Kennedy, E. W. Koch, A. C. Stier, and B. R. Silliman. 2011. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecological Monographs 81(2):169-193. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1510.1.
Barría de Cao, M. S., R. E. Pettigrosso, E. Parodi, and R. H. Freije. 2003. Abundance and species composition of planktonic Ciliophora from the wastewater discharge zone in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina. Iheringia 93:229-236. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212003000300001.
Beasley, G., and P. E. Kneale. 2003. Investigating the influence of heavy metals on macro-invertebrate assemblages using Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA). Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 7:221-233. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-7-221-2003.
Biancalana, F., M. C. Menéndez, A. A. Berasategui, M. D. Fernández Severini, and M. S. Hoffmeyer. 2012. Sewage pollution effects on mesozooplankton structure in a shallow temperate estuary. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184:3901-3913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2232-2.
Botté, S. E., R. H. Freije, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2007. Dissolved heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni) concentrations in surface water and porewater from Bahía Blanca estuary tidal flats. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 79:415-421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9231-6.
Botté, S. E., R. H. Freije, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2010. Distribution of several heavy metals in tidal flats sediments within Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina). Water Air and Soil Pollution 210:371-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0260-0.
Burton, E., I. R. Phillips, and D. W. Hawker. 2005. Trace metal distribution and enrichment in benthic, estuarine sediments: Southport Broadwater, Australia. Environmental Geochemical Health 27:369-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-004-7086-x.
Byers, S., C. Mills, and P. Stewart. 1978. Comparison of methods of determining organic carbon in marine sediments, with suggestions for a standard method. Hydrobiologia 58:43-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018894.
Chariton, A. A. 2005. Responses in estuarine macrobenthic invertebrate assemblages to trace metal contaminated sediments. PhD thesis, University of Canberra. Pp. 765.
Chazarreta, J., M. S. Hoffmeyer, D. G. Cuadrado, and A. A. Berasategui. 2015. Tidal effects on short-term mesozooplankton distribution in small channels of a temperate-turbid estuary, Southwestern Atlantic. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 63:83-92. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-87592015076806302.
Clarke, K. R. 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Australian Journal of Ecology 18:117-143.
Clarke, K. R., and R. N Gorley. 2006. PRIMER v6: User Manual/ Tutorial. PRIMER-E, Plymouth, UK.
Clarke, K. R. and R. M. Warwick. 1994. Similarity-based testing for community patterns: the 2-way layout with no replication. Marine Biology 118:167-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1993.tb00438.x.
Clements, W. H., D. M.Carlisle, J. M. Lazorchak, and P. C. Johnson. 2000. Heavy metal structure benthic communities in Colorado mountain streams. Ecological Applications 10:626-638. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0626:HMSBCI]2.0.CO;2.
CTE. 2016. Monitoring Program of Bahía Blanca Estuary. URL: http://www.bahia.gob.ar/cte/informes/.
Dassenakis, M., H. Andrianos, G. Depiazi, A. Konstantas, M. Karabela, A. Sakellari, and M. Scoullos. 2003. The use of various methods for the study of metal pollution in marine sediments, the case of Euvoikos Gulf, Greece. Applied Geochemistry 18:781-794. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00186-5.
Dean, H. K. 2008. The use of polychaetes (Annelida) as indicator species of marine pollution: a review. Revista de Biología Tropical 56:11-38.
de la Ossa Carretero, J. A., Y. del Pilar Ruso, F. Giménez-Casalduero, J. L. Sánchez Lizaso, and J. C. Dauvin. 2012. Sensitivity of amphipods to sewage pollution. Estuarine and Coastal Shellfish Science, 96:129-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.020.
Dutto, M. S., M. C. López Abbate, F. Biancalana, A. A. Berasategui, and M. S. Hoffmeyer. 2012. The impact of sewage on environmental quality and the mesozooplankton community in a highly eutrophic estuary in Argentina. ICES Journal of Marine Science 69(3):399-409. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr204.
Elías, R. 1992. Quantitative Benthic Community Structure in Blanca Bay and Its Relationship with Organic Enrichment. Marine Ecology 13(3):189-201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1992.tb00350.x.
Elías, R., O. O. Iribarne, C. S. Bremec, and D. Martínez. 2004. Comunidades bentónicas de fondos blandos. Pp. 179-190 en M. C. Piccolo and M. S. Hoffmeyer (eds.). Ecosistema del estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía, IADO-CONICET.
Elías, R., and M. S. Rivero. 2009. Two new species of Cirratulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Mar del Plata, Argentina (SW Atlantic). Zoosymposia 2:139-148. https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.2.1.12.
Ferrer, L. D., E. Contardi, S. Andrade, R. Asteasuain, A. E. Pucci, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2000. Environmental cadmium and lead concentrations in the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina): potential toxic effects of Cd and Pb on crab larvae. Oceanologia 43:493-504.
Ferrer, L. D., S. Andrade, E. Contardi, E., R. Asteasuain, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2003. Copper and zinc concentrations in Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina), and their acute lethal effects on larvae of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata. Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability 15(1):7-14. https://doi.org/10.3184/095422903782775271.
Forcelli, D., and T. Naroski. 2015 Uruguayan seashells - Moluscos marinos de Argentina, Uruguay y Brasil. Buenos Aires (Vázquez Mazzini Editores).
Halpern, B. S., K. A. Selkoe, F. Micheli, and C. V. Kappel. 2007. Evaluating and ranking the vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to anthropogenic threats. Conservation Biology 21:1301-1315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00752.x.
Hasan, A. B., S. Kabir, A. H. M. Selim Reza, M. Nazim Zaman, A. Ahsan, and M. Rashid. 2013. Enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index of trace metals in sediments of the ship breaking area of Sitakund Upazilla (Bhatiary-Kumira), Chittagong, Bangladesh. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 125:130-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.12.002.
Jongseong, R., K. Jong Seong, K. Seong-Gil, K. Daeseok, L. Chang-hee, and K. Chul-hwan. 2011. The impact of heavy metal pollution gradients in sediments on benthic macrofauna at population and community levels. Environmental Pollution 159:2622-2629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.034.
Klos, A., R. Rajfur, and M. Wacławek. 2011. Application of enrichment factor (EF) to the interpretation of results from the biomonitoring studies. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering 18:171-183.
Kumwimba, M. N., B. Zhu, F. Zuanon, D. K. Muyembe, and M. Dzakpasu. 2017. Long-term impact of primary domestic sewage on metal/loid accumulation in drainage ditch sediments, plants and water: Implications for phytoremediation and restoration. Science of the Total Environment 581-582:773-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.007.
La Colla, N. S., V. L. Negrin, J. E. Marcovecchio, and S. E. Botté. 2015. Dissolved and particulate metals dynamics in a human impacted estuary from the SW Atlantic. Estuarine and Coastal Shellfish Science 166:45-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2015.05.009.
La Colla, N. S., S. E. Botté, A. L. Oliva, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2017. Tracing Cr, Pb, Fe and Mn occurrence in the Bahía Blanca estuary through commercial fish species. Chemosphere 175:286-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.002.
La Colla, N. S., S. E. Botté, V. L. Negrin, A. V. Serra J. E., and Marcovecchio. 2018. Influence of human-induced pressures on dissolved and particulate metal concentrations in a South American estuary. Environmental Monitoring Assessment 190:532-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6930-x.
Marcovecchio, J. E., S. E. Botté, A. H. Arias, M. D. Fernández-Severini, S. de Marco, N. Tombesi, and H. Freije. 2008. Pollution Processes in Bahía Blanca estuarine environment. Pp. 303-316 in R. Neves, J. Baretta and M. Mateus (eds.). Perspectives on integrated coastal zone management in South America. Portugal: IST Press.
Martín-Díaz, M. L., S. Bamber, C. Casado-Martínez, D. Sales, and T. A. DelValls. 2004. Toxicokinetics of heavy metals from a mining spill using Carcinus maenas. Marine Environmental Research 58:833-837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2004.03.101.
Müller, G. 1969. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River. Geology Journal 2:108-118.
Netto, S. A., and P. C. Lana. 1994. Effects of sediment disturbance on the structure of benthic fauna in a subtropical tidal creek of southeastern Brazil. Marine Ecology Progress Series 106:239-247. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps106239.
Omena, E. P., and A. C. Z. Amaral. 2000. Population dynamics and secondary production of Laeonereis acuta (Treadwell, 1923) (Nereididae: Polychaeta). Bulletin of Marine Science 67:421-431.
Pagliosa, P. R., and F. A. Barbosa. 2006. Assessing the environment-benthic fauna coupling in protected and urban areas of southern Brazil. Biological Conservation 129:408-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.11.008.
Pearson, T. H., and R. Rosenberg. 1978. Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 16:229-311.
Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi, and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Ontario.
Piccolo, M. C., G. M. E. Perillo, and W. D. Melo. 2008. The Bahía Blanca estuary: an integrated overview of its geomorphology and dynamics. Pp. 219-229 in R. Neves, M. Bareta and M. Mateus (eds.). Perspectives on integrated coastal zone management in South America. Portugal: IST Press.
Pocklington, P., and P. G. Wells. 1992. Polychaetes key taxa for marine environmental quality monitoring. Marine Pollution Bulletin 24:593-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90278-E.
Rakocinski, C., S. Brown, G. Gaston, R. Heard, W. Walker, and J. Summers. 2000. Species-abundance-biomass responses by estuarine macrobenthos to sediment chemical contamination. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery 7:201-214. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009931721009.
Reish, D. J., and T. V. Gerlinger. 1997. A review of the toxicological studies with polychaetes annelids. Bulletin of Marine Science 60:584-607.
Salomons W., and U. Förstner. 1984. Metals in the Hydrocycle. Berlin, Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69325-0.
Sánchez, M. A., M. L. Jaubet, G. V. Garaffo, and R. Elías. 2013. Spatial and long-term analysis on reference and sewage-impacted sites of the SW Atlantic (38° S, 57° W) to assess sensitive and tolerant polychaetes. Marine Pollution Bulletin 74:325-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.033.
Sandrini, J. Z., F. Regoli, D. Fattorini, A. Notti, A. F. Inácio, A. R. Linde-Arias, J. Laurino, A. C. D. Bainy, L. F. F. Marins, and J. M. Monserrat. 2006. Short-term responses to cadmium exposure in the estuarine polychaete Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta, Nereididae): Subcellular distribution and oxidative stress generation. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25:1337-1344. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-275R.1.
Schnegelberger, M. A. 2014. Dragado de profundización del canal interior y antepuerto de los puertos Ingeniero White y Galván y ensanchamiento de su canal de vinculación. Buenos aires, Argentina: En Resúmenes del VIII Congreso argentino de ingeniería portuaria.
Serra, A. V., S. E. Botté, D. G. Cuadrado, N. S. La Colla, and V. L. Negrin. 2017. Metals in tidal flats colonized by microbial mats within a South-American estuary (Argentina). Environmental Earth Sciences 76(6):254-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6577-x.
Shepard, F. P. 1954. Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios. Journal of Sedimentology and Petrology 24:151-158. https://doi.org/10.1306/D4269774-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.
Simonetti, P., S. E. Botté, S. M. Fiori, and J. E. Marcovecchio. 2012. Heavy-metal concentrations in soft tissues of the burrowing crab Neohelice granulata in Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 62:243-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9692-9.
Singh, M., A. A. Ansari, G. Muller, and I. B. Singh. 1997. Heavy metals in freshly deposited sediments of the Gomti River (a tributary of the Ganga river): effects of human activities. Environmental Geology 29:246-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050123.
Sutherland, R. A., C. A. Tolosa, F. M. G. Tack, and M. G. Verloo. 2000.Characterization of selected element concentrations and enrichment ratios in background and anthropogenically impacted roadside areas. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 38:428-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449910057. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010057.
Tombesi, N. B., M. F. Pistonesi, and R. H. Freije. 2000. Physico-chemical characterization and quality improvement evaluation of primary treated municipal waste water in the city of Bahía Blanca (Argentina). Ecology, Environment and Conservation 6:147-151.
Villa, N. 1988. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in seawater and sediments from coastal areas of the southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Pp. 33-44 in U. Seeliger, L. D. de Lacerda and S. R. Patchineelam (eds.). Metals in coastal environments of Latin America (Berlin: Springer). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71483-2_5.
Warwick, R. M., and K. R. Clarke. 1993. Comparing the severity of disturbance: A meta-analysis of marine macrobenthic community data. Marine Ecology Progress Series 92:221-231. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps092221.
Weis, W. A., Ch. Lemes Soares, D. P. Cunha de Quadros, M., Scheneider, and P. R. Pagliosa. 2016. Urbanization effects on different biological organization levels of an estuarine polychaete tolerant to pollution. Ecology Indices http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/-j.ecolind.2016.10.029.
Wildsmith, M. D., T. H. Rose, I. C. Potter, R. M. Warwick, K. R. Clarke, and F. J. Valesini. 2009. Changes in the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of a large microtidal estuary following extreme modifications aimed at reducing eutrophication. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:1250-1262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.06.008.
Yang, T., H. J. Huang, and F. Y. Lai. 2017. Pollution hazards of heavy metals in sewage sludge from four wastewater treatment plants in Nanchang, China. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2249-2259. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60251-6.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Sandra Fiori, María E. Bravo, Rodolfo Elías, Analía Serra, María C. Carcedo, Eder Dos Santos, Sandra Botté
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
Las/os autoras/es conservan sus derechos de autoras/es: 1) cediendo a la revista el derecho a su primera publicación, y 2) registrando el artículo publicado con una Licencia de Atribución de Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0), lo que permite a autoras/es y terceros verlo y utilizarlo siempre que mencionen claramente su origen (cita o referencia incluyendo autoría y primera publicación en esta revista). Las/os autores/as pueden hacer otros acuerdos de distribución no exclusiva siempre que indiquen con claridad su origen, así como compartir y divulgar ampliamente la versión publicada de su trabajo.
