Estratificação vertical de coleópteros carpófilos (Insecta: Coleoptera) em fragmentos florestais do sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Palabras clave:
biodiversidade, dossel, fragmentação florestal, estrutura de comunidade, ecologia de insetosResumen
Foaram amostrados besouros carpófilos no dossel de 4 fragmentos florestais no Sudeste do Brasil. Em cada fragmento foram selecionados 2 pontos, distantes entre si pelo menos 50 m, os quais foram amostrados em 2 dias consecutivos. Utilizaram-se armadilhas com isca de banana fermentada que permaneceram no campo por 24 h, dispostas em 4 níveis de altura no dossel (1.5 m, 4.5 m, 7.5 m e 10.5 m), visando determinar a distribuição vertical no dossel quanto à riqueza, a abundância relativa e a composição de espécies. Foram coletados 1236 coleópteros (86 espécies pertencentes a 19 famílias). As famílias mais diversas foram Nitidulidae (26.4% das espécies), Staphylinidae (20.7%) e Cerambycidae (9.2%). Os níveis de altura superiores apresentaram maior riqueza e abundância relativa de espécies. O nível inferior de altura (1.5 m) apresentou menor riqueza de espécies que os demais. A maior concentração das espécies e indivíduos nos níveis de altura superiores da floresta é discutida em relação ao microclima e à distribuição de recursos alimentares. A distribuição das espécies entre os fragmentos foi heterogênea, possivelmente respondendo ao efeito de suas diferentes áreas, formas e graus de preservação.
Citas
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MAWDSLEY, NA & NE STORK. 1997. Host-specificity and the effective specialization of tropical canopy beetles. Pp. 104-130 in: NE Stork; J Adis & RK Didham (ed.). Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567 pp.
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MITTERMEIER, RA; N MYERS; PR GIL & CG MITTERMEIER. 1999. Hotsposts - The earth’s biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. CEMEX/Conservation International. Mexico. 431pp.
OZANNE, CMP; C HAMBLER; A FOGGO & MR SPEIGHT. 1997. The significance of edge effects in the management of forests for invertebrate biodiversity. Pp. 534-550 in: NE Stork; J Adis & RK Didham (ed.). Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567 pp.
PEREIRA, JAA. 2003. Efeitos dos impactos ambientais e da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade e estrutura da comunidade arbórea de 20 fragmentos de floresta semidecídua da região do Alto Rio Grande, Minas Gerais. Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Brasil.
PIELOU, EC. 1984. The interpretation of ecological data. Witey. New York, USA.
RIEDE, K. 2002. Monitoring Biodiversity: Analysis of Amazonian rainforest sounds. Pp. 149-151 in: AW Mitchell; K Secoy; T Jackson (ed.). The Global canopy handbook – Techniques of access and study in the forest roof. GCP & The Ruffor Foundation. Oxford, UK. 248 pp.
STORK, NE; J ADIS & RK DIDHAM. 1997. Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567pp.
VAZ-DE-MELLO, FZ & JNC LOUZADA. 1997. Considerações sobre forrageio arbóreo por Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), e dados sobre sua ocorrência em floresta tropical do Brasil. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s) 72:55–61.
WINCHESTER, NN. 1997. The arboreal superhighway: arthropods and landscape dynamics. The Canadian Entomologist 129:595-599.
ZAR, JH. 1974. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall. Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, Dekaib, USA. 620 pp.
BASSET, Y. 1992a. Influence of leaf traits on the spatial distribution of arboreal arthropods within an overstorey rainforest tree. Ecological Entomology 17:8-16.
BASSET, Y. 1992b. Host specificity of arboreal and free-living insect herbivores in rain forests. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 47:115-133.
BASSET, Y. 1996. Local communities of arboreal herbivores in Papua New Guinea: Predictors of insect variables. Ecology 77(6):1906-1919.
BASSET, Y; E CHARLES; DS HAMMOND & VK BROWN. 2001. Short-term effects of canopy openness on insect herbivores in a rain forest in Guyana. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:1045–1058.
BASSET, Y; HP ABERLENC & G DELVARE. 1992. Abundance and stratification of foliage arthropods in a lowland rain forest of Cameroon. Ecological Entomology 17:310-318.
BASSET, Y; V NOVOTONY; SE MILLER & RL KITCHING. 2003. Canopy entomology, an expanding field of natural science. Pp. 4-6 in: Arthropods of tropical forests. Cambrigde University.
BIERREGAARD, RO (Jr); WF LAURANCE; C GASCON; J BENITEZ-MALVIDO; PM FEARNSIDE ET AL. 2001. Principles of forest fragmentation and conservation in the Amazon. Chapter 29. Pp. 371-385 in: Lessons From Amazonia – The Ecology and Conservation of a Fragmented Forest. Yale University.
BRASIL. 1992. Normas Climáticas (1961-1990). Ministério da Agricultura. Departamento Nacional de Meteorologia. Brasília. 132 pp.
COLWELL, RK. 1997. Estimate S: Statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. Software Version 5.
DAVIS, A. J., J. HUIJBREGTS, A.H. KIRK-SPRIGGS, J. KRIKEN & S. L. SUTTON. 1997. The ecology and behaviour of arboreal dung beetles in Borneo, Pp. 417-432. In: N.E. Stork, J. Adis & R.K. Didham Editors, Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall, London, 567 pp.
DAVIS, AJ & SL SUTTON. 1998. The effects of rainforest canopy loss on arboreal dung beetles in Borneo: implications for measurement of biodiversity in derived tropical ecosystems. Diversity and Distribution 4:167-173.
DESOUZA, O; JH SHOEROEDER; V BROWN & RO BIERREGAARD (Jr). 2001. A theoretical overview of the processes determining species richness in forest fragments. Chapter 2. Pp. 13-21 in: Lessons From Amazonia – The Ecology and Conservation of a Fragmented Forest. Yale University.
DIDHAM, RK; J GHAZOUL; NE STORK & AJ DAVIS. 1996. Insects in fragmented forests: a functional approach. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11:255-260.
ERWIN, TL. 1991. How many species are there? Revisited. Conservation Biology 5:330–333.
ERWIN, TL. 1995. Measuring Arthropod Biodiversity in the Tropical Forest Canopy. Pp. 109-127 in: MD Lowman & NM Nadkarni (ed.). Forest Canopies. Academic Press. San Diego, USA.
GASCON, C; RO BIERREGAARD (Jr); WF LAURANCE & J RANKE. 2001. Deforestation and forest fragmentation in the Amazon. Chapter 3. Pp. 22-30 in: Lessons From Amazonia – The Ecology and Conservation of a Fragmented Forest. Yale University.
GASTON, KJ.1991. The magnitude of global insect species richness. Conservation Biology 5:283–296.
GAVILANES, ML & M BRANDÃO. 1991. Informações preliminares acerca da cobertura vegetal do município de Lavras, MG. Daphne 1:44-50.
GOTELLI, NJ & RK COLWELL. 2001. Quantifying biodiversity: procedures and pitfalls in the measurement and comparison of species richness. Ecology Letters 4:379-391.
HART, DD & RJ HORWITZ. 1991. Habitat diversity and species-area relationship: alternative models and tests. Chapter 3. Pp. 47–68 in: SS Bell; ED McCoy; HR Mushinsky (ed.). Habitat Structure – The physical arrangement of objects in Space. Chapman and Hall.
HOLDOBLER, B & EO WILSON. 1990. The Ants. Belknap Press of the Harvard University. Cambrige, Mass.
LAURANCE, WF & RO BIERREGAARD (Jr). 1997. Tropical Forest Remnants – Ecology, Management and Conservation of Fragmented Communities. The University of Chicago. Chicago, USA. 616 pp.
LAURANCE, WF; TE LOVEJOY; HL VASCONCELOS; EM BRUNA; RK DIDHAM ET AL. 2002. Ecosystem Decay of Amazonian Forest Fragments: a 22-Year Investigation. Conservation Biology 16(3):605-618.
LEPSCH-CUNHA, N; C GASCON & P KAGEYAMA. 2001. The genetics of tropical trees – implication for conservation of demographically heterogeneous group. Chapter 8. Pp. 79-95 in: RO Bierregaard (Jr); C Gascon; TE Lovejoy & R Mesquita (ed.). Lessons From Amazonia – The Ecology and Conservation of a Fragmented Forest. Yale University.
LOPES, PP. 2000. A relação espécie-area em fragmentos florestais: testando hipóteses através das comunidades de coleópteros predadores (HISTERIDADE). Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Estadual Paulista. São Paulo, Brasil.
MAWDSLEY, NA & NE STORK. 1997. Host-specificity and the effective specialization of tropical canopy beetles. Pp. 104-130 in: NE Stork; J Adis & RK Didham (ed.). Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567 pp.
MITCHELL, AW; K SECOY & T JACKSON. 2002. The Global Canopy Handbook – Techniques of access and study in the forest roof. GCP & The Ruffor Foundation. Oxford, UK. 248 pp.
MITTERMEIER, RA; N MYERS; PR GIL & CG MITTERMEIER. 1999. Hotsposts - The earth’s biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. CEMEX/Conservation International. Mexico. 431pp.
OZANNE, CMP; C HAMBLER; A FOGGO & MR SPEIGHT. 1997. The significance of edge effects in the management of forests for invertebrate biodiversity. Pp. 534-550 in: NE Stork; J Adis & RK Didham (ed.). Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567 pp.
PEREIRA, JAA. 2003. Efeitos dos impactos ambientais e da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade e estrutura da comunidade arbórea de 20 fragmentos de floresta semidecídua da região do Alto Rio Grande, Minas Gerais. Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Brasil.
PIELOU, EC. 1984. The interpretation of ecological data. Witey. New York, USA.
RIEDE, K. 2002. Monitoring Biodiversity: Analysis of Amazonian rainforest sounds. Pp. 149-151 in: AW Mitchell; K Secoy; T Jackson (ed.). The Global canopy handbook – Techniques of access and study in the forest roof. GCP & The Ruffor Foundation. Oxford, UK. 248 pp.
STORK, NE; J ADIS & RK DIDHAM. 1997. Canopy Arthropods. Chapman & Hall. London, UK. 567pp.
VAZ-DE-MELLO, FZ & JNC LOUZADA. 1997. Considerações sobre forrageio arbóreo por Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), e dados sobre sua ocorrência em floresta tropical do Brasil. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s) 72:55–61.
WINCHESTER, NN. 1997. The arboreal superhighway: arthropods and landscape dynamics. The Canadian Entomologist 129:595-599.
ZAR, JH. 1974. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall. Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, Dekaib, USA. 620 pp.
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2005-06-01
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Gonçalves, T. T., & Louzada, J. N. (2005). Estratificação vertical de coleópteros carpófilos (Insecta: Coleoptera) em fragmentos florestais do sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Ecología Austral, 15(1), 101–110. Recuperado a partir de https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1479
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