Comunidades de aves en barrios residenciales y en bosques implantados en médanos costeros de la localidad de Cariló, Argentina

Lucas M. Leveau

doi:10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.2080

Autores/as

Lucas M. Leveau Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.2080

Palabras clave:

diversidad taxonómica, expansión urbana, pinos, plantaciones exóticas, Región Pampeana, turismo

Resumen

Las zonas costeras poseen la mayor densidad de población mundial, y su urbanización impacta significativamente sobre la biodiversidad. En la costa de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), las ciudades turísticas crecieron notablemente en las últimas décadas, por lo cual es necesario analizar el efecto de la urbanización sobre las comunidades de aves. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las comunidades de aves presentes en barrios residenciales y en bosques implantados sobre dunas costeras en Cariló. Durante la primavera de 2021 y el verano de 2022 se realizaron 8 puntos de conteo de radio fijo en cada hábitat. Se encontró que ambos hábitats presentan valores similares en cuanto a riqueza de especies, diversidad de Shannon y de Simpson, y diversidad funcional. El hábitat residencial mostró una mayor abundancia de aves que el bosque y se encontraron cambios significativos en la composición de especies. El Pitiayumí (Setophaga pitiayumi) y el Chingolo (Zonotrichia capensis) fueron más abundantes en el bosque, mientras que el Chimango (Phalcoboenus chimango), la Cotorra (Myiopsitta monacha) y la Paloma Picazuró (Patagioenas picazuro) fueron más abundantes en el hábitat residencial. El área residencial presentó mayor abundancia de aves que se alimentan en el suelo, el dosel y el aire. Los resultados sugieren que el avance de la urbanización sobre los bosques implantados promueve un cambio en la composición de especies: favorece a las de ambientes semi-abiertos y perjudica a aquellas asociadas a una alta cobertura arbórea y de vegetación herbácea no manejada.

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