The complexity of aquatic macrophytes and environmental variables as a filter of functional traits of aquatic invertebrates from a subtropical stream in southern Brazil

Bárbara Oleinski; Mikael L. Pereira Morales; Edélti Faria Albertoni

doi:10.25260/EA.25.35.1.0.2440

Autores/as

Bárbara Oleinski Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
Mikael L. Pereira Morales Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. RS, Brasil
Edélti Faria Albertoni Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.25.35.1.0.2440

Palabras clave:

invertebrados acuáticos, rasgos funcionales, arroyo de arena subtropical, arquitectura macrófita

Resumen

Las macrófitas acuáticas actúan en la estructuración de los ecosistemas acuáticos debido a sus diferentes grados de complejidad estructural, y realizan distintas funciones para diferentes organismos (e.g., refugio y recursos alimenticios). Las variables ambientales pueden actuar como filtros al seleccionar organismos con características adaptadas para su establecimiento en estos lugares. La comunidad de invertebrados acuáticos es el elemento biótico asociado más frecuente y abundante a estas plantas. En este estudio investigamos si la complejidad de las macrófitas y las variables ambientales influyen en la riqueza, la abundancia y los rasgos funcionales de la comunidad de invertebrados acuáticos en diferentes estaciones del año en un arroyo subtropical. Recolectamos diferentes especies de macrófitas en el otoño y la primavera de 2021 y definimos el grado de complejidad estructural —bajo (C1), medio (C2) y alto (C3)— en función del biotipo y la biomasa vegetal. Lavamos las plantas con agua corriente e identificamos los organismos en el nivel taxonómico más bajo posible. Se definieron cinco características funcionales: tamaño, etapa de vida, reproducción, forma corporal y hábitos alimentarios. Determinamos la riqueza, abundancia, frecuencia de ocurrencia, densidad y frecuencia de los rasgos funcionales de los invertebrados y calculamos el índice de Shannon-Weiner, la dominancia de Simpson y la uniformidad. Encontramos 1650 individuos en otoño y 1228 en primavera. Observamos la menor diversidad, equidad y dominancia de invertebrados para C1 en otoño y para C3 en primavera. El otoño presentó un mayor número de categorías de rasgos funcionales que la primavera. El caudal y el ancho del arroyo mostraron mayores correlaciones con los rasgos funcionales. Los diferentes grados de complejidad de las macrófitas influyen en las métricas y rasgos funcionales; sin embargo, las variables ambientales actúan principalmente sobre ellos.

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