Efecto de la edad de las hojas de soja sobre el crecimiento y reproducción de Rachiplusia nu (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Authors

  • Patricia C. Pereyra Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPA VE), UNLP-CONICET, 2 No. 584, 1900, La Plata, Argentina

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of soybean leaf age on larval and adult performance of Rachiplusia nu (Guenée) reared on leaves of December (vegetative stage) and February (reproductive stage). The following variables were measured: leaf water content, nutritional indices of last instar larvae (growth and consumption rates, gross and net efficiency of conversion of food in biomass, approximate digestibility), duration of larval stage and pupal weight. Fecundity, oviposition rate, life span of adult females, preoviposition and ovipositors periods, were measured for two groups of females fed with soybean leaves of December and February, through their larval .stage. Leaf water content was significantly higher in December than in February, and this would partially explain the decrease in food quality throughout the crop season. R. nu larvae had á faster growth, higher efficiency of conversion of food in biomass, a shorter larval period, and a higher pupal weight when individuals were fed with leaves of December. No significant difference was found in the fecundity of the adults but oviposition rate was higher in december. These results show that food quality and its effect on herbivore performance should be taken into account regarding pest control strategies.

References

Blau, W.S. 1981. Latitudinal variation in the life histories of insects occupying disturbed habitats: a case study. En: Insect life history patterns: habitat and geographic variation. Denno, R. F. y H. Dingle (Eds.). Springer Verlag, Berlin. Pp.:75-95.

Campbell, J.M. 1962. Influence of larval environment on adult size and fecundity in the moth Panaxia dominula L. Nature 192:182.

Crawley, M..1. 1983. Herbivory. The dynamics of Animal-Plant Interactions. Studies in Ecology vol. 10, Univ. California Press, Berkeley y Los Angeles. 437 Pp.

Dingle, H., N.R. Blakley y E.R. Miller. 1980. Variation in body size and flight performance in milkweed bugs (Oncolpeltus). Evolution 34:356-370.

Drooz, A.T. 1965. Some relationships between host, egg potential and pupal weight of the elm spanworm, Ennomos subsig narius (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Ann. Entorno¡. Soc. Am. 58:243-245.

Feeny, P. 1970. Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients 5s a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars. Ecology 51:565-581.

Feeny, P. 1976. Plant apparency and chemical defense. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 10:1-40.

Fehr, W.R. y C. E. Caviness. 1977. Stages of soybean development. Iowa Coop. Ext. Serv. Spec. Rep. 80:12.

Gilbert, L. E. 1979. Development of theory in the analysis of insect-plant interactions. En: Analysis of Ecological Systems. Horn, D. J., G. R. Stairs y R. D. Mitchell (Eds.). Ohio State Univ. Press, Columbus. PP.: 117-154.

Hassell, M.P. y T.R.E. Southwood. 1978. Foraging strategies of insects. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 9:75-98.

Hough, J.A. y D. Pimentel. 1978. Influence of host foliage on development, survival, and fecundity of the gypsy moth. Environ. Entomol. 7:97-102.

Hoy, C.W. y A.M. Shelton. 1987. Feeding response of Artogeia rapae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) and Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera, Noetuidae) to cabbage leaf age. Env. Entomol. 16:680-682.

Kogan, M. 1986. Plant defense strategies and host-plant resistance. En: Ecological Theory and Integrated Pest Management. Kogan, M. (Ed.). Wiley & Sons, N.Y. Pp: 83-134.

Kogan, M y D. Cope. 1974. Feeding and nutrition of insects associated with soybeans. 3. Food intake, utilization, and growth in the soybean looper, Pseudoplusia includens. Annals Entomol. Soc. Am. 67:66-72.

Larsson, S. y C.P. Ohmart. 1988. Leaf age and larval performance of the beetle Paropsis atomaria. Ecol. Entomol. 13:19-24.

Parissi, R., N. lannone y M.C. Zanelli. 1979. Control químico de la isoca medidora Rachiplusia nu (Guen.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) en cultivo de soja. Carpeta de producción vegetal EERA INTA Pergamino, 3 Pp.

Pereyra, P.C. 1991. Estudio de la interacción herbívoro-planta como aporte al manejo integrado de los lepidópteros plaga de la soja. Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, UNLP, 172 Pp.

Price. P.W., C.E. Bouton, P. Gross, B.A. McPheron. J.N. Thompson y A.E. Weis. 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11:41-65.

Raupp, M.1. y R. F. Denno. 1983. Leaf age as a predictor of herbivore distribution and abundance. En: Variable Plantas and Herbivores in Natural and Managed Systems, Denno, R.F. y M.S. McClure (Eds.). Academic Press. Pp.91-124. New York

Raupp, M.J., J.H. Werren y C.S. Sadof. 1988. Effects of short term phenological changes in leaf suitability on the survivorship, growth and development of gypsy moth (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae), larvae. Environ. Entomol. 17:316-319.

Scriber, J.M. 1977. Limiting effects of low leaf-water content on the nitrogen utilization, energy budget, and larval growth of Hyalophora cecropia (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae). Oecologia 28:269-287.

Scriber, J.M. 1978. The effects of larval feeding specialization and plant growth form on the consumption and utilization of plant biomass and nitrogen: an ecological consideration. Proc. 4th Int. Insect-host plant Symp. Ent. Exp. & Appl. 24:494-510.

Scriber, J.M. y P. Feeny. 1979. Growth of herbivorous caterpillars in relation to feeding specialization and to the growth form of their food plants. Ecology 60:829-850.

Scriber, J.M. y F. Slansky, Jr. 1981. The nutritional ecology of immature insects. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 26:183-211. Slansky Jr., F. y P. Feeny. 1977. Stabilization of the rate of nitrogen accumulation by larvae of the cabbage butterfly wild and cultivated food plants. Ecol. Monogr. 47:209-228.

Sokal, R.R. y F.J. Rohlf. 1969. Biometrfa. Blume ediciones, Madrid, 832 Pp.

Stamp, N.E. y M.D. Bowers. 1986. Growth of the buckmoths Hemileuca lucina and H. maia (Saturniidae) on their own and on each other’s hostplants.J. Lepidopt. Soc. 40:214-217.

Tabashnik, B.E. 1983. Host range evolution: the shift from native legume hosts to alfalfa by the butterfly, Colias philodice eryphyle. Evolution 37:150-162.

Turnipseed, S.G. 1972. Response of soybean to foliage losses in South Carolina. J. Econ. Entomol. 65:224-229.

Waldbauer, G.P. 1968. The consumption and utilization of food by insects. Adv. Insect Physiology 5:229-288.

Whitham, T.G. 1981. Individual trees as heterogeneous environments: adaptation to herbivory or epigenetic noise?. En: Insect and life history patterns: habitat and geographic variations, Denno, R. F. y H. Dingle (Eds.). Springer Verlag, Berlin. Pp.:9-27.

Williams, H.E. y M.D. Bowers. 1987. Factors affecting host-plant use by the montane butterfly Euphydryas gillenii (Nymphalidae). Am. Midland Naturalist. 118:153-161.

Downloads

Published

1994-06-01

How to Cite

Pereyra, P. C. (1994). Efecto de la edad de las hojas de soja sobre el crecimiento y reproducción de Rachiplusia nu (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ecología Austral, 4(1), 041–047. Retrieved from https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1709

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (1994)

Section

Articles

License

Authors retain their rights as follows: 1) by granting the journal the right to its first publication, and 2) by registering the published article with a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which allows authors and third parties to view and use it as long as they clearly mention its origin (citation or reference, including authorship and first publication in this journal). Authors can make other non-exclusive distribution agreements as long as they clearly indicate their origin and are encouraged to widely share and disseminate the published version of their work.