Response of Commelina erecta L. to glyphosate formulations, and role of starch and waxes in glyphosate sensitivity

Elisa Panigo; Gabriel Céccoli; Ignacio M. Dellaferrera; Juan I. Garetto; Abelardo C. Vegetti; Mariel G. Perreta

doi:10.25260/EA.22.32.3.0.1892

Authors

Elisa Panigo ICiAgro Litoral, UNL-CONICET. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-167X
Gabriel Céccoli ICiAgro Litoral, UNL-CONICET. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
Ignacio M. Dellaferrera ICiAgro Litoral, UNL-CONICET. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
Juan I. Garetto Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
Abelardo C. Vegetti ICiAgro Litoral, UNL-CONICET. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
Mariel G. Perreta ICiAgro Litoral, UNL-CONICET. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.22.32.3.0.1892

Keywords:

weed, dayflowers, herbicide, growth stage

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two formulations of glyphosate on adult plants and seedlings of Commelina erecta L., and to determine whether stem starch storage and epicuticular waxes of leaves are involved in plant sensitivity to this herbicide. The formulations used were isopropylamine salt (IPA) and diammonium salt (DA). All measured growth parameters and chlorophyll were negatively affected by both formulations. The IPA formulation showed a higher decrease in the branching rate and phyllochron, whereas the DA formulation showed a higher decrease in the elongation rate, chlorophyll content at 48 hours after application in adult plants, and the starch proportion in the stem basal section, and caused more leaf injuries. All plants of C. erecta presented starch storage in the both stem section. After glyphosate application, stem starch proportion of the basal section evolved differently in both growth stages, whereas stem starch proportion of the apical section showed an irregular variation. The amount of epicuticular waxes was higher in adult plants. These results show that both glyphosate formulations are ineffective for the management of C. erecta. The low sensitivity to glyphosate in C. erecta, especially in plants higher than five leaves, could be related to starch storage in stem and epicuticular waxes on leaves.

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