Respuestas a distintos niveles de organización biológica del poliqueto Boccardia proboscidea ante la contaminación cloacal

Manuela Ortells Privitera; María L. Jaubet; María V. Laitano

doi:10.25260/EA.23.33.1.0.1919

Authors

Manuela Ortells Privitera Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Argentina
María L. Jaubet Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Argentina. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
María V. Laitano Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Argentina. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.1.0.1919

Keywords:

marine pollution, Spionidae, biomarkers, phenoloxidase

Abstract

The discharge of domestic and industrial effluents into the oceans is one of the main forms of marine pollution. The impact of these effluents on the marine environment can be studied through the responses at different levels of biological organization within the ecosystem. The objective of this work was to evaluate biochemical (amylases, alkaline proteases, lipases, phenoloxidase and pyrogallol peroxidases activity) and ecological responses (abundance, size and population structure) of Boccardia proboscidea polychaetes to sewage environmental exposure, and to explore the relationship among them. The intertidial zone exposed to two sewage effluents with different characteristics were selected for the study: an intertidal effluent without previous treatment (Quequén) and a submarine outfall with primary treatment (Mar del Plata), both with their corresponding control areas. The results showed that no significant differences were found in the activity of digestive enzymes, nor of the pyrogallol-peroxidases of B. proboscidea. In contrast, phenoloxidase activity presented the highest values in the impacted area from Quequén. In turn, the highest population density of B. proboscidea was recorded there. On the other hand, the individuals in the control area from Quequén were longer than those from the rest of the areas. Regarding the frequency of age classes (larvae, juvenile and adult), in the impacted area from Quequén, the highest value of adults individuals was recorded. The relationship between the biochemical and ecological responses and the environmental variables showed that the total organic matter in sediments and density of B. proboscidea presented a positive linear correlation with the activity of phenoloxidase. Our results suggest that exposure to the Quequén sewage effluent would induce physiological changes in B. proboscidea, reflected by the high activity of the enzyme phenoloxidase, which in turn showed a positive relationship with the population density of this species.

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