Dinámica estacional de la comunidad de aves en parques urbanos y cementerios de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Autores/as

  • M. Lucía Bocelli Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA). Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Federico Morelli Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Community Ecology and Conservation. Prague, Czech Republic
  • Yanina Benedetti Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Community Ecology and Conservation. Prague, Czech Republic
  • Lucas M. Leveau Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA). Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.2019

Palabras clave:

diversidad, estacionalidad, urbanización

Resumen

Los espacios verdes urbanos cumplen un rol fundamental para la conservación de aves en ciudades. Aunque el rol de los parques urbanos para conservar la diversidad de aves ha sido analizado a escala global, el análisis del rol de los cementerios ha sido más escaso. El objetivo del trabajo fue describir y comparar la dinámica estacional de diferentes componentes de diversidad taxonómica y composición de aves en cementerios y parques urbanos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Las aves fueron muestreadas en puntos de conteo de 100 m de radio, ubicados en tres parques y tres cementerios de la ciudad, utilizándose curvas de rarefacción para determinar su diversidad taxonómica durante las estaciones reproductivas y no reproductivas. En general, la diversidad de aves (medida como la riqueza de especies y el índice de diversidad de Shannon y de Simpson) fue mayor en cementerios que en parques y durante la época reproductiva, mostrando mayor variación estacional de la diversidad en los primeros. La composición de aves varió entre estaciones, siendo Zenaida auriculata la especie más común durante la época reproductiva y Myiopsitta monachus la más abundante durante la época no reproductiva. Sin embargo, las especies más comunes y abundantes dentro de la comunidad, fueron similares en parques y cementerios. Estos resultados indican que la diversidad taxonómica de especies de aves en áreas verdes de Buenos Aires varía estacionalmente y que aumenta, en particular, en cementerios durante la época reproductiva. Por lo tanto, los cementerios serían de gran importancia para la conservación de aves, ya que agregan heterogeneidad al paisaje urbano, brindando una mayor diversidad de hábitats capaces de albergar un número más elevado de especies. A su vez, el hecho de que las comunidades de aves cambien según la temporada sugiere que los cementerios urbanos ayudan a mantener las dinámicas estacionales propias de la región.

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Dinámica estacional de la comunidad de aves en parques urbanos y cementerios de Buenos Aires, Argentina

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2023-05-25

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Bocelli, M. L., Morelli, F., Benedetti, Y., & Leveau, L. M. (2023). Dinámica estacional de la comunidad de aves en parques urbanos y cementerios de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ecología Austral, 33(2), 469–478. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.2.0.2019