Reproductive characteristics of Zenaida auriculata (Aves: Columbidae) in the urban environment of the city of Córdoba, Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.23.33.3.0.2236Keywords:
urban ornithology, exploitative species, ecology, nest, Columbiformes, troublesome speciesAbstract
Urban growth on natural areas produces landscape transformations. Species must face new environmental conditions and only some are able to tolerate them and reproduce. In South America, the eared dove (Zenaida auriculata) is capable of efficiently exploiting resources and thriving in various types of environments. In this study we aim to understand reproductive characteristics of the species related to its success and population growth in urban environment. Between 2017 and 2018 we performed seasonal counts of adult individuals, and we searched for and monitored active dove nests along fixed-width transects, in the city of Córdoba. We monitored 860 nests and evaluated the annual variation and the effect and characteristics of the nesting site on reproductive success. We determined the density of nests present in urban trees and their variation throughout a year, we calculated daily survival rates and nest success, duration of the reproductive cycle, and we identified main reasons for nest failure and substrates used for nests. The daily survival rate was 0.945 and the total reproductive success was 15%. 68% of the nests were unsuccessful, being more vulnerable in the chick rearing stage. Reproductive activity was permanent throughout the year, with increased activity during the summer season and a fall decrease between April and June. The contribution of youth to the population resulted in a similar trend. The number of active nests was significantly explained by the abundance of adult individuals. Therefore, the integration of variables provided by this study —e.g., changes in the abundance of adult individuals, nest survival rates, characteristics of nesting sites and productivity— could contribute to the development of predictive mathematical models and viral dynamics models, necessary for management actions and health control strategies.
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