Anaerobically mineralized nitrogen as a potential indicator of the activity and abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in Mollisols

Gisela V. García; Fernanda Covacevich; Silvina San Martino; Nicolás Wyngaard; Nahuel I. Reussi Calvo; Guillermo A. Studdert

doi:10.25260/EA.24.34.2.0.2282

Authors

Gisela V. García Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Fernanda Covacevich Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología-Fundación para las Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas
Silvina San Martino Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Nicolás Wyngaard Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Nahuel Reussi Calvo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Guillermo Alberto Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.24.34.2.0.2282

Keywords:

soil health indicator, easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins, spores of mycorrhizal fungi, soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, aggregate stability, colonized roots with mycorrhizal fungi

Abstract

Anaerobically mineralized nitrogen (AN) is a suitable soil health indicator. The AN is sensitive to soil use changes and is related to soil and particulate organic carbon and aggregate stability. This work aims to evaluate the relationship between AN and 1) easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins; 2) abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi measured by the number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores, and 3) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activity (root colonization). Soil samples were taken at depths of 0-5 and 5-20 cm from cultivated and uncultivated plots throughout the southeastern province of Buenos Aires. Anaerobically mineralized nitrogen, soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, aggregate stability, easily extracted glomalin-related soil proteins and the logarithm of the number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores (log spores) at 0-5, 5-20 and 0-20 cm depths were determined. In wheat roots, the percentages of total infection and arbuscules at 0-20 cm were measured. At all depths, AN was positively correlated to easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins (r=0.34-0.65), which is an indicator of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activity and abundance. Likewise, AN was positively related to log-spores (r=0.58-0.78), which is an indicator of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance. However, AN was not related to root colonization (the percentages of total infection and arbuscules) that manifests the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at a specific moment. Thus, anaerobically mineralized nitrogen would be an indicator of mid- to long-term changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance and activity (easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins and log-spores) resulting from soil use. Consequently, the AN would allow monitoring an important aspect of soil microbiological health associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, it is necessary to evaluate the relationships studied in this work in a wider range of soil situations.

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