Response of the phytoplankton and zooplankton community to groundwater discharge and oceanographic upwelling in the Yucatan Peninsula, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.17.27.2.0.229Abstract
Groundwater discharges (GWD) and coastal upwelling are oceanographic phenomena that generate new hydrochemical conditions in coastal areas. The change in the composition and structure of the phytoplankton and zooplankton community under these conditions determines the dynamics of low trophic levels in marine-coastal ecosystems. The present study describes the phytoplankton and zooplankton community response to the hydrochemical framework in two coastal ecosystems influenced by these phenomena in the Yucatan peninsula, a tropical region. For this purpose, three field campaigns were conducted during 2012 (June, August and November), sampling 10 km extension transects. Temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured in situ. In addition, water samples were collected for the determination of dissolved inorganic nutrients (NO2, NO3, NH4, PO4 and SiO4) and chlorophyll a, and analysis of components of the plankton community. At the study site influenced by GWD (Dzilam de Bravo, 21°23’33’’ N - 88°53’29’’ O), increases in Copepod density (2484±890 org/L) synchronized with considerable decreases in the density of centric and pennate diatoms and dinoflagellates (1600±1704, 8730±8951 y 22010±3557 cel/L, respectively) in November suggest that the phytoplankton community might be controlled by such zooplanktonic group during intensification of the discharges. On the other hand, the coastal upwelling off Cabo Catoche (21°36’21’’ N - 87°06’12’’ W) produced an increase in centric diatoms´ density (248000±126417 cel/L), which resulted in a clear dominance of this group in the period of intensification of the phenomenon, whereby dinoflagellates dominate during relaxation of the upwelling. GWD in Dzilam de Bravo and coastal upwelling off Cabo Catoche generate differential responses in the community of coastal plankton, influencing the structure of such community and the relationships between its components.
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.17.27.2.0.229
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