Variation in abundance and habitat selection of Panopea abbreviata: Low-cost remote video monitoring in the San Matas Gulf of the Southwest Atlantic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.24.34.2.0.2331Keywords:
‘Toki’ system, small scale fisheries, underwater video, PatagoniaAbstract
Clams belonging to the genus Panopea, part of the Hiatellidae family, are distributed in temperate seas and represent valuable fishing resources in most of the regions where they inhabit. These bivalves tend to aggregate on sandy and/or muddy substrates, exhibiting temporal variations in their abundance, or more precisely, in their detectability. Traditionally, monitoring of panopea populations has relied on autonomous diving, which poses safety limitations in terms of depth and duration of diving. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the low-cost remote video method known as ‘Toki’ for evaluating and monitoring Panopea abbreviata in the San Matías Gulf. Abundance observations were analyzed using generalized additive mixed models, incorporating temperature, depth, sampling date, and image quality as covariates. We observed a differential pattern in the abundance of P. abbreviata, with peaks occurring during October and May, in contrast to previous reports for other species within the same genus. Notably, the variation in abundance exceeded that reported for the same species in previous studies. In agreement with prior research, we found significantly higher densities of P. abbreviata on sandy substrates. ‘Toki’ proved to be an effective tool, enabling the coverage of extensive areas effortlessly and within a short timeframe. Its key advantages include accessibility to greater depths and minor time constraints than associated with diving, especially at depths below 25 m. Moreover, this technique provides a permanent record that can be subsequently utilized for additional purposes. It is worth noting that the entire procedure was conducted from a small boat, using manual operations, resulting in relatively low costs and enhanced operational convenience. Nevertheless, diving can serve as a complementary technique for intensive tasks in confined areas.
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