Is sustainable forest harvesting possible in Misiones? The need for multi-scale management, research, high-impact interventions, and funding
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.19.29.1.0.756Abstract
To conserve a representative area of the subtropical forests of Misiones, a globally endangered ecosystem, it is necessary to find a viable economic solution for the areas destined under Law 26331 exclusively for sustainable management of native forest, and to reduce deforestation in the areas where replacement of native forest is permitted (901617 ha and 477858 ha, respectively, according to the latest land use planning by the Province of Misiones). Since the middle of the last century, public policies have provided incentives for plantations of trees and other crops, promoting deforestation. Remnant forests are degraded from exploitation of the principal commercial species in cutting cycles shorter than 20 years, and productivity of wood is now too low to be economically useful. Productivity can be improved through post-harvest management (e.g., cutting of bamboo and lianas), but on highly degraded sites more intensive management is needed, such as scarifying of soils or planting seedlings of high-value, fast-growing species to allow cutting cycles of around 30 years and increments greater than 3 m3.ha-1.year-1. Action is also needed to control illegal trade in native wood, which diminishes the prices and reduces the viability of socially and environmentally responsible enterprises. Moreover, sustainable management of the native forest should be accompanied by reductions in taxes, for example through payment for ecosystem services, or by other types of use, such as harvesting of non-timber forest products. In the case of small and medium property owners, governments and organizations should stimulate conservation of forest through forest resources and services use, actively encourage diversification of production, and offer tools that promote independence from intensive tobacco cultivation. Funding is needed both directly to producers (through laws) and to institutions that generate knowledge that permits concrete advances in sustainable forest management.
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.19.29.1.0.756
References
Aguiar, S., G. Camba Sans, and J. M. Paruelo. 2017. Instrumentos económicos basados en mercados para la conservación de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos en Latinoamérica: ¿Panacea o rueda cuadrada? Ecología Austral 27:146-161.
Ambrosetti, J. B. 2008. Primer y segundo viaje a Misiones por Juan Bautista Ambrosetti. Comentado por J. C. Chebez y B. Gasparri. Editorial Albatros, Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Arenhardt, E. H. 2010. Inicios de la organización del espacio geográfico de Misiones. Revista Científica de Geografía. GeoUSAL 5:1853-1990.
Areta, J. I., A. Bodrati, and K. Cockle. 2009. Specialization on Guadua bamboo seeds by three bird species in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina. Biotropica 41:66-73.
Areta, J. I., A. Bodrati, and K. Cockle. 2016. Un panorama de las aves especialistas en bambúes de la Argentina. Pp. 221-236 en Z. E. Rúgolo de Agrasar (ed.). Bambúes leñosos nativos y exóticos de la Argentina. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Banda, K., A. Delgado-Salinas, K. G. Dexter, R. Linares-Palomino, A. Oliveira-Filho, D. Prado, M. Pullan, C. Quintana, R. Riina, G. M. Rodríguez, and J. Weintritt. 2016. Plant diversity patterns in neotropical dry forests and their conservation implications. Science 353:1383-1387.
Bartolomé, L. J. 1975. Colonos, plantadores y agroindustrias. La explotación agrícola familiar en el sudeste de Misiones. Desarrollo Económico XV(58):239-264.
Bennett, E. M., W. Cramer, A. Begossi, G. Cundill, S. Díaz, B. N. Egoh, I. R. Geijzendorffer, C. B. Krug, S. Lavorel, E. Lazos, and L. Lebel. 2015. Linking biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human well-being: three challenges for designing research for sustainability. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 14:76-85.
Bertoncello, R. 2006. Turismo, territorio y sociedad. El mapa turístico de la Argentina. CLACSO.
Bodrati, A., and K. Cockle. 2006. Habitat, distribution, and conservation of Atlantic forest birds in Argentina: notes on nine rare or threatened species. Ornitología Neotropical 17:243-258
Bolsi, A., F. Longhi, N. Meichtry, and P. Paolasso. 2009. Ámbito regional, interrogantes y conjeturas: el territorio del Norte Grande Argentino como contexto de la pobreza. Geografía de la pobreza en el Norte Grande Argentino 123-171.
Braier, G., N. Esper, and L. Corinaldesi. 2004. Informe nacional complementario: tendencias y perspectivas del sector forestal del año 2020. Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y Política Ambiental, FAO, Roma, Italia.
Bulfe, N. M. L., F. Galvão, A. Figueiredo Filho, and P. MacDonagh. 2009. Efeitos da exploração convencional e de impacto reduzido em uma floresta estacional semidecidual na provincia de Misiones, nordeste da Argentina. Floresta 39:365-379.
Cabanne, G. S., G. A. Zurita, S. H. Seipke, and M. I. Bellocq. 2007. Range expansion, density and conservation of the Araucaria Tit-spinetail Leptasthenura setaria (Furnariidae) in Argentina: the role of araucaria Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) plantations. Bird Conservation International 17:341-349.
Cadogan, L. 1957. Apuntes de medicina popular guaireña. Centro de Estudios Antropológicos del Paraguay. Imprenta Nacional Asunción, Paraguay.
Campanello, P. I., E. Manzané, M. Villagra, Y. J. Zhang, A. M. Panizza, D. di Francescantonio, S. A. Rodríguez, Y. J. Chen, L. S Santiago, and G. Goldstein. 2016. Carbon Allocation and Water Relations of Lianas Versus Trees. In Tropical Tree Physiology. Springer, Cham, Switzerland.
Campanello, P. I., J. F. Garibaldi, M. G. Gatti, and G. Goldstein. 2007a. Lianas in a subtropical Atlantic Forest: host preference and tree growth. Forest Ecology and Management 242:250-259.
Campanello, P. I., M. G. Gatti, A. Ares, L. Montti, and G. Goldstein. 2007b. Tree regeneration and microclimate in a liana and bamboo-dominated semideciduous Atlantic Forest. Forest Ecology and Management 252:108-117.
Campanello, P. I., L. Montti, P. MacDonagh, and G. Goldstein. 2009. Reduced-Impact Logging and Post-Harvest Management in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina: Alternative approaches to enhance regeneration and growth of canopy trees. Forest Management. Nova Science Publishers, New York, USA.
Campanello, P. I., M. Villagra, J. F. Garibaldi, L. J. Ritter, J. J. Araujo, and G. Goldstein. 2012. Liana abundance, tree crown infestation, and tree regeneration ten years after liana cutting in a subtropical forest. Forest Ecology and Management 284:213-221.
Campanello, P. I., M. G. Gatti, and G. Goldstein. 2008. Coordination between water-transport efficiency and photosynthetic capacity in canopy tree species at different growth irradiances. Tree Physiology 28:85-94.
Capparelli, A., N. Hilgert, A. Ladio, V. S. Lema, C. Llano, S. Molares, M. L. Pochettino, and P. Stampella. 2011. Paisajes culturales de Argentina: pasado y presente desde las perspectivas etnobotánica y paleoetnobotánica. Rev Asoc Argent Ecol Paisajes 2:67-79.
Chebez, J. C., and N. Hilgert. 2003. Brief history of conservation in the Paraná Forest. Pp. 141-159 in C. Galindo-Leal and I. G. Câmara (eds.). The Atlantic Forest of South America: Biodiversity Status, Threats, and Outlook. Island Press, Washington, DC.
Chifarelli, D. 2010. Acumulación, Éxodo y Expansión. Un Análisis de la Agricultura Familiar en el Norte de Misiones. INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cockle, K., G. Capuzzi, A. Bodrati, R. Clay, H. Del Castillo, M. Velázquez, J. I. Areta, N. Farina, and R. Farina. 2007. Distribution, abundance, and conservation of Vinaceous Amazons (Amazona vinacea) in Argentina and Paraguay. Journal of Field Ornithology 78:21-39.
Cockle, K., M. Leonard, and A. Bodrati. 2005. Presence and abundance of birds in an Atlantic forest reserve and adjacent plantation of shade-grown yerba mate. Biodiversity and Conservation 14:3265-3288.
Cockle, K. L., K. Martin, and M. C. Drever. 2010. Supply of tree-holes limits nest density of cav
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Paula I. Campanello, Jonathan von Below, Norma I. Hilgert, Kristina Cockle, Mariana Villagra, Débora di Francescantonio, Daily S. García, Manuel Jaramillo, Oscar A. Gauto, Guillermo Goldstein
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
Authors retain their rights as follows: 1) by granting the journal the right to its first publication, and 2) by registering the published article with a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which allows authors and third parties to view and use it as long as they clearly mention its origin (citation or reference, including authorship and first publication in this journal). Authors can make other non-exclusive distribution agreements as long as they clearly indicate their origin and are encouraged to widely share and disseminate the published version of their work.
