Burnt soils treated with compost and N fertilizer: effects on seedlings of two native species to Andean-Patagonia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.20.30.3.0.948Keywords:
Nothofagus obliqua, Astrocedrus chilensis, biosolid compost, fireAbstract
Human activities have altered the frequency and intensity of wildfires, which can have severe consequences on forest ecosystems. Organic amendments and transplantation of native species are suggested as successful restoration alternatives for burnt areas. Biosolids composts produced in the Andean Patagonian region of Argentina could be used for this purpose, but little is known about the effects of organic amendments on seedling growth of native species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of the native species Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus obliqua the addition of compost and/or nitrogen fertilizer in a greenhouse experiment using a volcanic forest soil affected by fire. After 4 years, treatment effects on plant growth and soil characteristics depended on the species. The main effect of biosolids compost on soil fertility was a marked increase in the availability of P from the soils of the two species. N. obliqua biomass increased and changed architectural parameters in response to nitrogen fertilization, but did not show changes due to compost addition. On the other hand, A. chilensis did not respond to N fertilization, but increase its biomass with compost and fertilization. Possibly N addition favored the nutrients uptake, such as phosphorus, calcium and magnesium provided by the compost.
References
Agüero, M. L., J. Puntieri, M. J. Mazzarino, J. Grosfeld, and C. Barroetaveña. 2014. Seedling response of Nothofagus species to N and P: linking plant architecture to N/P ratio and resorption proficiency. Trees 28:1185-1195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-014-1029-7.
Agüero, M. 2015. Nutrición temprana en especies arbóreas nativas de alto valor maderable de la región andino-patagónica. Tesis de doctorado. UNComahue Bariloche
Alauzis, M. V., M. J. Mazzarino, E. Raffaele, and L. Roselli. 2004. Wildfires in NW Patagonia: long-term effects on a Nothofagus forest soil. Forest Ecology and Management 192:131-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.11.014.
Ayesa, J., C. López, D. Bran, F. Umaña, and P. Lagorio. 2002. Cartografía biofísica de la Patagonia Norte. En: PAN, PRODESAR. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche.
Basil, G., M. J. Mazzarino, L. Roselli, and F. Letourneau. 2009. Efecto del compost de biosólidos en la producción de plantines de Astrocedrus chilensis (Ciprés de la cordillera). Ciencia del Suelo 27:49-55.
Biganzoli, F., T. Wiegand, and W. B. Batista. 2009. Fire-mediated interactions between shrubs in a South American temperate savannah. Oikos 118:1383-1395. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17349.x.
Bloom, A. J., F. S. I. Chapin, and H. A. Mooney. 1985. Resource limitation in plants - an economic analogy. Annual review of Ecology and Systematics 16:363-392. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.16.110185.002051.
Broncano, M. J., M. Riba, and J. Retana. 1998. Seed germination and seedling performance of two Mediterranean tree species, holm oak (shape Quercus ilex L.) and Aleppo pine (shape Pinus halepensis Mill.): A multifactor experimental approach. Plant Ecology 138:17-26.
Buamscha, G., M. Gobbi, M. J. Mazzarino, and F. Laos. 1998. Indicators of nitrogen conservation in Austrocedrus chilensis forests along a moisture gradient in Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 112:253-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00341-7.
Cellier, A., C. Francou, S. Houot, C. Ballini, T. Gauquelin, and V. Baldy. 2012. Use of urban composts for the regeneration of a burnt Mediterranean soil: A laboratory approach. Journal of Environmental Management 95:5238-5244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.042.
Cooperband, L. R., and J. Middleton. 1996. Changes in chemical, physical and biological properties of cocomposted municipal solid waste (MSW) compost and poultry litter. Compost Science and Utilization 4:24-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.1996.10701849.
Cordovil, C. M. d. S., A. de Varennes, R. Pinto, and R. C. Fernandes. 2011. Changes in mineral nitrogen, soil organic matter fractions and microbial community level physiological profiles after application of digested pig slurry and compost from municipal organic wastes to burned soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43:845-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.023.
Di Bella, C. M., E. G. Jobbágy, J. M. Paruelo, and S. Pinnock. 2006. Continental fire density patterns in South America. Global Ecology and Biogeography 15:192-199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2006.00225.x.
Diehl, P., M. J. Mazzarino, and S. Fontenla. 2008. Plant limiting nutrients in AndeanPatagonian woody species: Effects of interannual rainfall variation, soil fertility and mycorrhizal infection. Forest Ecology and Management 255:2973-2980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.003.
Flykt, E., S. Timonen, and T. Pennanen. 2008. Variation of ectomycorrhizal colonisation in Norway spruce seedlings in Finnish forest nurseries. Silva Fennica 42:571-585. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.234.
Gobbi, M., and L. Sancholuz. 1992. Regeneración post-incendio del ciprés de la cordillera (Austrocedrus chilensis) en los primeros años. Bosque 13:25-32. https://doi.org/10.4206/bosque.1992.v13n2-04.
Gobbi, M., and T. Schlichter. 1998. Survival of Austrocedrus chilensis seedlings in relation to microsite conditions and forest thinning. Forest Ecology and Management 111:137-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00314-4.
Gutiérrez-Ginés, M. J., B. H. Robinson, J. Esperschuetz, E. Madejón, J. Horswell, and R. McLenaghen. 2017. Potential use of biosolids to reforest degraded areas with New Zealand native vegetation. Journal of Environmental Quality 46:906-914. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2017.04.0139.
Kitzberger, T., E. Raffaele, K. Heinemann, and M. J. Mazzarino. 2005. Effects of fire severity in a north Patagonian subalpine forest. Journal of Vegetation Science 16:5-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02333.x.
Kowaljow, E., and M. J. Mazzarino. 2007. Soil restoration in semiarid Patagonia: Chemical and biological response to different compost quality. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39:1580-1588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.01.008.
Kuo, S. 1996. Phosphorus. Pp. 869-919 in D. L. Sparks, A. L. Page, P. A. Helmke, R. H. Loeppert, P. N. Soltanpour, M. A. Tabatabai, C. T. Johnston and M. E. Sumner (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical methods. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, USA.
La Manna, L., and C. Barroetaveña. 2011. Propiedades químicas del suelo en bosques de Nothofagus antarctica y Austrocedrus chilensis afectados por fuego. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo 43:41-55.
Laos, F., P. Satti, I. Walter, M. J. Mazzarino, and S. Moyano. 2000. Nutrient availability of composted and noncomposted residues in a Patagonian Xeric Mollisol. Biology and Fertility of Soils 31:462-469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740000192.
LeBauer, D. S., and K. K. Treseder. 2008. Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed. Ecology 89:371-379. https://doi.org/10.1890/06-2057.1.
Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press, London.
Morales, D., C. M. Rostagno, and L. La Manna. 2013. Runoff and erosion from volcanic soils affected by fire: the case of Austrocedrus chilensis forests in Patagonia, Argentina. Plant and Soil 370:367-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1640-1.
Oddi, F. J. 2013. Los incendios y la dinámica de Fabiana imbricata en el noroeste de la Patagonia a escala de paisaje. Su relación con los factores ambientales y el uso del suelo. Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
Ostos, J. C., R. López-Garrido, J. M. Murillo, and R. López. 2008. Substitution of peat for municipal solid waste- and sewage sludge-based composts in nursery growing media: Effects on growth and nutrition of the native shrub Pistacia lentiscus L. Bioresource Technology 99:1793-1800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.03.033.
Parfitt, R. L., D. J. Ross, D. A. Coomes, S. J. Richardson, M. C. Smale, and R. A. Dahlgren. 2005. N and P in New Zealand soil chronosequences and relationships with foliar N and P. Biogeochemistry 75:305-328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-7790-8.
Satti, P. 2007. Biodisponibilidad de fósforo y nitrógeno en suelos volcánicos bajo bosque nativo, disturbados y enmendados. Universidad Nacional del Comahue.
Schlesinger, W. H. 1997. Biogeochemistry: an analysis of global change. Academic Press, San Diego, USA.
Tognetti, C., F. Laos, M. J. Mazzarino, and M. T. Hernández. 2005. Composting vs vermicomposting: a comparison of the end product quality. Compost Science and Utilization 13:6-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2005.10702212.
Torres Curth, M. I., L. Ghermandi, and C. Biscayart. 2012. Are Fabiana imbricata shrublands advancing over northwestern Patagonian grasslands? A population dynamics study involving fire and precipitation. Journal of Arid Environments 83:78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.011.
Urretavizcaya, M. F. 2010. Propiedades del suelo en bosques quemados de Austrocedrus chilensis en Patagonia, Argentina. Bosque 31:140-149. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002010000200007.
Urretavizcaya, M. F., and G. Defossé. 2004. Soil seed bank of Austrocedrus chilensis (D. Don) Pic. Serm. et Bizarri related to different degrees of fire disturbance in two sites of southern Patagonia, Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 187:361-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.07.001.
Urretavizcaya, M. F., P. L. Peri, L. Monelos, H. Arriola, M. F. Oyharçabal, L. Contardi, M. Muñoz, E. Sepúlveda, and G. Defosse. 2018. Condiciones de suelo y vegetación en tres bosques quemados de Nothofagus pumilio en Argentina y experiencias para su restauración activa. Ecología Austral 28:383-399. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.2.0.480.
Varela, S. A., M. Gobbi, and F. Laos. 2011. Can biosolids compost improve, in the short term, native vegetation and soils fertility in burned Nothofagus pumilio forest in Patagonia, Argentina? Bosque 32:267-278.
Varela, S. A., M. E. Gobbi, and F. Laos. 2006. Banco de semillas de un bosque quemado de Nothofagus pumilio: efecto de la aplicación de compost de biosólidos. Ecología Austral 16:63-78. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002011000300008.
Varela, S. A., and A. Martínez. 2013. Uso del compost de biosólidos en la formulación de sustratos para la producción industrial de plantas de Nothofagus alpina. Bosque 34:281-289. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002013000300004.
Veblen, T. T., T. Kitzberger, and A. Lara. 1992. Disturbance and forest dynamics along a transect from Andean rain forest to Patagonia shrubland. Journal of Vegetation Science 3:507-520.
Veblen, T. T., C. Donoso, T. Kitzberger, and A. J. Rebertus. 1996. Ecology of southern Chilean and Argentinean Nothofagus forests. Pp. 293-353 en T. T. Veblen, R. S. Hill and J. Read (eds.). The ecology and biogeography of Nothofagus forests. Yale University Press. New Haven. https://doi.org/10.2307/3235807.
Villar-Salvador, P., R. Planelles, E. Enrı́quez, and J. P. Rubira. 2004. Nursery cultivation regimes, plant functional attributes, and field performance relationships in the Mediterranean oak Quercus ilex L. Forest Ecology and Management 196:257-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.061.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Marina Gonzalez-Polo, Mariana L. Agüero, Elisa Castán
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
Authors retain their rights as follows: 1) by granting the journal the right to its first publication, and 2) by registering the published article with a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which allows authors and third parties to view and use it as long as they clearly mention its origin (citation or reference, including authorship and first publication in this journal). Authors can make other non-exclusive distribution agreements as long as they clearly indicate their origin and are encouraged to widely share and disseminate the published version of their work.
