Usos potenciales de extractos botánicos de Larrea y Grindelia en agricultura orgánica: Efecto en propiedades del suelo y en rasgos funcionales relacionados con el crecimiento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.24.34.3.0.2296Palabras clave:
bioestimulante, fermento, infusión, productividad, respiración microbianaResumen
Los bioestimulantes —dentro de los cuales encontramos a los extractos botánicos— son preparados naturales que no tienen efectos negativos sobre la salud del ambiente ni sobre las poblaciones, y mejoran la salud del suelo y el crecimiento de las plantas. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el uso de extractos botánicos de dos especies nativas del Monte Patagónico, infusión de Larrea nitida (5%-L5 y 10%-L10) y fermento de Grindelia chiloensis (5%-G5 y 10%-G10), sobre las propiedades del suelo y el crecimiento de una planta modelo (Triticum aestivum). Mientras que los fermentos de Grindelia al 5% y 10% incrementaron la respiración microbiana, el contenido de N y C del suelo, y la producción de biomasa, la infusión de Larrea al 10% inhibió la respiración microbiana y disminuyó la biomasa total. El fermento de Grindelia tendría potencial para ser utilizado como bioestimulante en producciones agroecológicas, mientras que la infusión de Larrea no presenta potencial para tal uso. El efecto inhibitorio de los compuestos fenólicos sobre la actividad microbiana y el crecimiento de la planta debería ser abordado en futuros estudios.
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