Risk-taking behavior in three Fulica species inhabiting an urban coastal lagoon in Mar del Plata city, Buenos Aires province, Argentina

Juan P. Seco Pon; Maximiliano M. Hernandez; Ángeles Castillo Ilabaca; María P. Berón

doi:10.25260/EA.26.36.2.0.2607

Autores/as

Juan P. Seco Pon Grupo Ecología y Conservación de Aves Marinas y Costeras, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, IIMyC (FCEyN, UNMdP-CONICET). Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-5455
Maximiliano M. Hernandez Grupo Ecología y Conservación de Aves Marinas y Costeras, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, IIMyC (FCEyN, UNMdP-CONICET). Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9673-2721
Ángeles Castillo Ilabaca Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
María P. Berón Grupo Ecología y Conservación de Aves Marinas y Costeras, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, IIMyC (FCEyN, UNMdP-CONICET). Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3860-5980

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.26.36.2.0.2607

Palabras clave:

gallareta, disturbio, distancia de iniciación al vuelo, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Resumen

1. La urbanización avanza a un ritmo acelerado a nivel mundial y, por lo general, se asocia con impactos negativos sobre la biodiversidad a escalas local, regional y global. Evaluar los perfiles de respuesta conductual a la urbanización ayuda a identificar qué especies muestran respuestas adaptativas a los paisajes cambiantes y que, por tanto, son más o menos propensas a persistir en dichos entornos.
2. Para tal fin, nos aproximamos experimentalmente y medimos la distancia de inicio del vuelo (FID) en tres especies de aves acuáticas taxonómicamente relacionadas (Fulica leucoptera, F. rufifrons y F. armillata) que habitan un humedal urbano ubicado en la gran ciudad costera de Mar del Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires. También evaluamos cómo las variables ambientales, etológicas y antrópicas afectaron este comportamiento para el conjunto de las gallaretas estudiadas.
3. En conjunto, la FID de las gallaretas varió de 3.0 a 18.7 m y no mostró diferencias significativas entre especies.
4. La FID media estimada para todas las especies de gallaretas solo se vio afectada por la dirección del viento, siendo el viento que sopla desde el sur el factor de estrés ambiental más importante. 5. Al considerar cada gallareta por separado, la abundancia de congéneres también afectó la FID en F. rufifrons, reduciéndola a la mitad.
6. Implicancias. En general, las especies de gallaretas estudiadas muestran pasividad ante la perturbación causada por la aproximación de un peatón, debido a su FID relativamente bajo. Esto concuerda con los hallazgos disponibles en otras especies de aves acuáticas que habitan ecosistemas urbanos, sugiriendo que ciertos taxones de aves acuáticas podrían estar preadaptados para persistir en entornos urbanizados.

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